Category Archives: brain puzzler

brain puzzler, brain teaser

May 2018 Brain Puzzler Solution

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Q: Two coins are flipped and you cannot see the outcome but are told that at least one is a head.  What is the probability that the other coin also landed on heads?
A: 1/3
This is a classic probability question.  Once you know that one coin is a head, there are 3 possible outcomes for the two coins with at least one head.
HH
HT
TH
Since you know that one is a heads, and there are 3 possible outcomes, the probability is 1/3.
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April 2018 Brain Puzzler Solution

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Q: How many 6 digit numbers are there whose digits sum to 51?

A: 56.

There are 3 possible sets of 6 numbers: 999996 where the 6 can be the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th place values making 6 6 digit numbers

3 9s and 3 8s which is the same probability as 3 boys and 3 girls with 6 children 3C6 = 20 6 digit numbers

and 4 9s with an 8 and a 7 with 30 possibilities
789999
798999
799899
799989
799998
879999
897999
899799
899979
899997
978999
979899
979989
979998
987999
989799
989979
989997
997899
997989
997998
998799
998979
998997
999789
999798
999879
999897
999978
999987

 

 

 

credit to Julia Robinson Mathematics Festival

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March 2018 Brain Puzzler Solution

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Q: Leaving at 8:00 AM, if Ms. Brown drives at an average speed of 40 miles per hour, she will be late by 3 minutes. If she drives at an average speed of 60 miles per hour, she will be early by 3 minutes.  How many miles per hour does Ms. Brown need to drive to get to work exactly on time?

A: 48 miles per hour

There is a 6 minute difference between the fast (60 mph) speed and the slow (40 mph) speed.  This 6 minutes is 1/10 of an hour.
Distance = rate x time.  The two distances are equal so:
We can figure out how long it would take at 60 mph and go from there.
40 (t + .1) = 60 t
40t  + 4 = 60 t
4 = 20 t
4/20 = t = 1/5 hour
So it will take 1/5 hour at 60 mph which is 12 miles. (1/5 hour = 12 minutes)
It will take abit longer at 40 mph:
1/5 hour + 1/10 hour =
.2 hour + .1 hour = .3 hour at 40 mph  which is also 12 miles. (.3 hour is 18 minutes).
If Ms. Brown was exactly on time it would take her 15 minutes to go the 12 miles.
12 miles in 15 min = 48 mph.

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February 2018 Brain Puzzler Solution

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Q: For a calendar, with two six sided dice make all possible monthly dates using two digits  (from 01 to 31) by writing one digit (from 0, 1, 2, …, 8, 9) on each face of the two dice.
A: It does not seem like it can be done — but…the Eureka part of the answer is:
the 9 is the 6 upside and vice versa!
Dice 1: 0 1 2 4 5 7 and  Dice 2: 0 1 2 3 8 9 (9 is also 6)
or
Dice 1 : 0 1 2 3 4 5 and Dice 2 : 0 1 2 6 7 8 (6 is also 9)

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January 2018 Brain Puzzler Solution

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Q: What is the sum of the digits of the square of $111,111,111$?

A: 81
Using the standard multiplication algorithm, $111,111,111^2=12,345,678,987,654,321,$whose digit sum is 81.

Or by looking at the pattern:

$11^2 = 121 \\ 111^2 = 12321 \\ 1111^2 = 1234321$

$111,111,111^2=12,345,678,987,654,321$ whose digit sum is 81
There is a shortcut to adding these digits
Reading from left to right, we can add the first 8 digits, 1 through 8 by making 4 pairs of 9 (1 + 8, 2 + 7, 3 + 6 and 4 + 5) making 36
Reading from right to left, we can add the last 8 digits (1- 8) the same way making 36.
Leaving the middle digit of 9.

36 + 36 + 9 = 81